Process characteristics and application range of various metal fabrication methods

The parts that make up different machines vary in size, so the metal fabrication method is naturally different. Common shapes and structures vary. There are turning, drilling, boring, planing, broaching, milling and grinding. Although it has many similarities in the metal fabrication principle, it has its own metal fabrication process characteristics and application range due to the different machine tools and tools used.

Main:

l  Turning

l  Drilling

l  Planing

Turning

l  Definition: The workpiece is rotated as the main motion, and the turning tool is used as the cutting metal fabrication method for the feed motion. The main motion of turning is the rotary motion of the part, which is especially suitable for machining the rotary surface. The linear movement of the tool is the feed motion.

l  Metal fabrication characteristics

1. Easy to ensure the positional accuracy of each machined surface

2. High productivity

3. Lower production costs

4. Wide range of materials suitable for turning

l  Metal fabrication application

Use different turning tools or other tools on the lathe. For example, the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, inner and outer can process various rotary surfaces, such as conical surfaces, threads, grooves, end faces and forming surfaces. The machining accuracy can reach IT8~IT7, the surface roughness Ra value is 1.6~0.8m, the precision tolerance class of the fine car can reach IT6~IT5, and the surface roughness Ra value is 0.4~0.1μm. Turning is often used to machine single-axis parts. It can also machine multi-axis parts or disc cams by simply positioning the tool or modifying the lathe appropriately.

1. The outer circle of the car.

2. Car hole.

3. Car end face.

4. Car cone surface.

Drilling

l  Definition: A method in which a drilling tool moves relative to a workpiece and performs an axial feed motion to machine a hole in the workpiece.Drilling is one of the most basic methods of hole machining. Drilling is often carried out on drill presses and lathes, as well as on trampolines and milling machines. Commonly used drill presses include bench drills, vertical drill presses and radial drill presses.

l  Metal fabrication characteristics

1. The drill bit is easy to lead

2. Difficulties in chip removal

3. The cutting temperature is high.

4. Low precision

l  Metal fabrication application

In single-piece and small-batch production, small holes (D<13 mm) on small and medium-sized workpieces are often processed by bench drills, and larger holes (D<50 mm) are commonly used for vertical drilling machines; holes on large and medium-sized workpieces should be used. Radial drilling machine processing, the hole on the workpiece of the rotary body is processed on the lathe. In batch and mass production, in order to ensure machining accuracy, increase production efficiency and reduce processing costs, drilling, multi-axis drilling or combination machine tools are widely used for hole machining. Medium and small diameter holes (D<50mm) with high precision and small roughness, after drilling, often require semi-finishing and finishing with expansion and reaming.

Planing

l  Definition: The cutting method in which the planer and the workpiece reciprocate in a horizontal direction. Planing is one of the main methods of planar processing. It is the most commonly used processing method for planar machining in single-piece small batch production. Common planing machine tools include head planers, planers and slotting machines.

l  Metal fabrication characteristics

1. Good versatility

2. Low productivity

3. Processing accuracy is not high

l  Metal fabrication application

Due to the characteristics of planing. There are many applications in the repair shop and mold shop. Planing is mainly used in single-piece small batch production. Planing is mainly used to machine flat surfaces, and is also widely used for processing straight grooves.

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